Prevalence and associated factors of low birth weight in the provincial hospital of mohammedia morocco.
Keywords:
Low birth weight - prevalence - risk factors - pregnancy- newborn- Mohammedia.Abstract
SUMMARYBackground: Low birth weight (LBW) constitutes a major public health problem, both in developed than in developing countries, due to its extent and its strong association with childhood morbidity and mortality.
Objective: to estimate prevalence of low birth weight and determine its related factors in the Prefectoral Hospital in Mohammedia.
Methods: We carried out a cross sectional study from May to July 2012 which concerned 713 newborns and theirs mothers. We collected information about socioeconomic and anthropometric factors and characteristics of pregnancy. A multivariate analysis was performed.
Results: Among the 713 studied newborns, 38 had LBW; the prevalence of LBW was 5,3% (95% CI: 3,7% - 6,9%). Factors significantly associated with LBW in multivariate analysis were: mother age ( OR 9,27 ; IC95% : 2,15-39,85), prematurity (OR 9,34 ; IC95% : 1,29-67,32), twin pregnancy (OR 195,07 ; IC 95% : 30,38-
125,39) and gender of new born (OR 5,26 ; IC 95% : 1,61-17,18). Well-balanced diet (OR 0,12 ; IC 95% : 0,04-0,34) and hours of sleep equal or more than 8 per day (OR 0,20 ; IC 95% : 0,07-0,58) were protector factors.
Conclusion: Actions of education, screening and treatment of the diseases occurred in the pregnancy are necessary. Facilitating the access of pregnant women to high quality antenatal care, promoting a healthy lifestyle as a balanced diet, fighting against the active and passive smoking and offering a psychological support to the pregnant woman is necessary to reduce the prevalence of LBW and to improve the maternal and child health.
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