Impact clinique d’un programme d’entraînement physique chez des patients nord-africains atteints d'angine stable: Etude pilote
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v104i01.6355Mots-clés :
6MWD , Pression Artérielle , Réadaptation Cardiaque , Angiographie Coronaire , Capacité d’Exercice, Tolérance à l’Effort , Condition Physique, Études ProspectivesRésumé
Contexte : Aucune étude tunisienne ou nord-africaine n’a, jusqu’à septembre 2025, évalué la valeur et la nécessité d’un programme d’entraînement physique (PEP) en tant que stratégie thérapeutique essentielle chez les patients atteints de coronaropathie stable. L’objectif principal de la présente étude était d’évaluer les effets d’un PEP sur les paramètres d’effort déterminés lors du test de marche de six minutes (TM6) et de l’épreuve d’effort sur tapis roulant chez des patients présentant une angine de poitrine stable.
Méthodes : Cette étude pilote prospective expérimentale a été menée dans les services de cardiologie, de physiologie et d’explorations fonctionnelles de l’hôpital Farhat Hached (Sousse, Tunisie). Onze hommes, présentant une angine stable depuis plus de trois mois, ont été inclus. L’intensité du PEP a été déterminée selon la formule de Karvonen. Le programme comprenait 24 séances combinant exercices d’endurance et de résistance (trois séances par semaine, durant huit semaines). Les données de condition physique recueillies lors du TM6 et de l’épreuve d’effort ont été évaluéespre- et post- le PEP.
Résultats : La comparaison des données pré- et post-PEP a mis en évidence des améliorations significatives: i) lors du TM6 : augmentation de la distance parcourue (+ 61 m), diminution de la fréquence cardiaque de repos (– 9 bpm) et élévation de la pression artérielle systolique en fin de test (+ 4,25 mmHg) ; ii) lors de l’épreuve d’effort : augmentation de la fréquence cardiaque. ... ( résumé tronqué à 250 mots)
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