Prévalence et facteurs associés au burnout chez les professionnels de la santé au Maroc: Une revue systématique
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v104i03.6332Mots-clés :
Prévalence, Burnout, Professionnel de santé, MarocRésumé
Objectifs : Les professionnels de la santé sont souvent confrontés à de nouveaux risques qui vont au-delà des risques physiques et incluent des
risques psychosociaux. Les professionnels de la santé marocains souffrent souvent de burnout. Il est essentiel de comprendre l'impact de burnout
pour créer un environnement de travail sain dans les établissements de la santé. Cette étude visait à analyser systématiquement : 1) la prévalence
de l'épuisement professionnel chez les professionnels de la santé marocains ; 2) les facteurs associés à l'épuisement professionnel chez la meme
population.
Méthodes : Une revue systématique des articles publiés jusqu'au juillet 2024, dans les bases de données PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of
Science, Medline et ProQuest a été réalisée à l'aide des mots-clés. Cette revue comprenait des études qui utilisaient le Maslach Burnout Inventory
(MBI) pour évaluer l'épuisement professionnel chez les professionnels de santé marocains dans trois domaines : l'épuisement émotionnel (EE), la
dépersonnalisation (DP) et l'accomplissement personnel.
Résultats : Au total, 14 études évaluant l'épuisement professionnel chez 4382 professionnels de la santé marocains ont été incluses. La prévalence
moyenne de l'épuisement professionnel était de 73,36 %. La prévalence du burnout pour les trois domaines variait de 29 % à 85,71 % pour
l'épuisement émotionnel élevé (EE), de 17 % à 79,70 % pour la dépersonnalisation élevée (DP) et de 6 % à 85,90 % pour la faible réalisation
personnelle (PA). Le jeune âge, le sexe féminin, être célibataire, la faible satisfaction professionnelle, la mauvaise organisation, la mauvaise communication et les conflits au travail ont été identifiés comme des facteurs de risque de burnout.
Conclusion : L'identification des facteurs associés au syndrome d'épuisement professionnel peut aider à hiérarchiser les domaines d'intervention
afin de le prévenir. Cela permettra de garantir la qualité de vie professionnelle des professionnels de la santé au Maroc
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