L'impact des facteurs socio-économiques et démographiques sur les maladies non transmissibles au Maroc
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v103i8.5375Mots-clés :
Non-communicable diseases, socio-demographic, socio-economic, risk factors, MoroccoRésumé
Introduction: D'ici 2030, les maladies non transmissibles (MNT) devraient dépasser toutes les autres causes de décès en Afrique. La prévalence des MNT et les facteurs de risque associés sont influencés par les disparités socio-économiques et de genre.
Objectif : Cette étude vise donc à déterminer l'impact des facteurs socio-économiques et démographiques sur les maladies non transmissibles au Maroc.
Méthodes : Des données transversales ont été analysées à partir de 4766 adultes qui ont participé à l'enquête STEPS 2017 au Maroc. La collecte des données comprenait l'évaluation des facteurs de risque comportementaux et biochimiques. Les tests de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, du Chi-carré et de Kruskal-Wallis ont été effectués.
Résultats : Il y avait une différence significative entre les sexes en ce qui concerne les MNT. Les hommes avaient des taux plus élevés de consommation de tabac et d'alcool (21,2%, 13,9%, respectivement, avec un p <0,001)), tandis que les femmes avaient une prévalence plus élevée de l'obésité (31,2% (p <0,001)). Les personnes sans éducation formelle présentaient la plus forte prévalence d'hypertension (38,9 %), de diabète (10,1 %) et d'obésité (27,9 %) par rapport à celles ayant un niveau d'éducation primaire ou plus. Les adultes âgés de 70 ans ou plus présentaient une prévalence plus élevée d'hypertension et de diabète que les autres groupes d'âge.
Conclusion : La prévalence des maladies non transmissibles est élevée au Maroc. L'incidence des MNT est significativement associée à des facteurs sociodémographiques et comportementaux. Une stratégie multisectorielle et intégrée, axée sur les facteurs sociodémographiques ...(résumé tronqué à 250 mots).
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