Comparaison de la réponse à long terme des anticorps anti-RBD SARS-CoV-2 à différents schémas de vaccination en Tunisie
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v102i8.4944Mots-clés :
COVID-19, ARNm, adénovirus , inactivé, immunité humorale.Résumé
Objectif : L’étude visait à comparer l’immunité humorale induite par le vaccin à long terme après différents schémas vaccinaux.
Méthodes : Les anti-S-RBD ont été mesurés dans le sérum de 167 participants environ 6 mois post-vaccination. Les participants avaient reçu un, deux ou quatre doses du vaccin Pfizer ou une troisième dose de vaccin à ARNm (Pfizer) et amorcé avec un vaccin à ARNm, adénoviral ou inactivé.
Résultats : La quatrième dose de Pfizer a atteint les titres d’anticorps S-RBD les plus élevés. Néanmoins, la troisième dose de vaccin à ARNm amorcée avec le vaccin adénoviral a atteint les titres les plus bas. Le groupe qui a reçu une troisième dose d’ARNm amorcée avec deux doses de vaccin à ARNm a présenté des anticorps S-RBD plus élevés que les groupes inoculés avec une troisième dose d’ARNm et amorcés avec un vaccin inactivé ou adénovirus.
Conclusion : Nos données ont montré la supériorité de trois vaccinations à ARNm par rapport au troisième vaccin hétérologue. Nos résultats constituent une étude de validation de principe soutenant l'utilisation d'une injection de rappel du vaccin à ARNm qui pourrait être nécessaire. Néanmoins, en raison du nombre limité de sujets, il est difficile d'extrapoler les résultats de notre étude à l'ensemble de la population tunisienne. Les études futures devraient étudier une cohorte plus large et d’autres corrélats potentiels de protection, tels que l’immunité cellulaire et la manière dont elle est affectée par différents schémas de vaccination après une vaccination à long terme.
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