HÉLICOBACTER PYLORI DANS LES ADÉCARCINOMES GASTRIQUES
Mots-clés :
Tumeurs de l'estomac, Helicobacter pylori, RevueRésumé
Prérequis : Les preuves du lien causal entre l'infection par Hélicobacter Pylori (HP) et le cancer gastrique se sont accumulées ces dernières années, grâce à l'apport d'études épidémiologiques, au développement d'un modèle expérimental animal d’adénocarcinome gastrique et à une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes biologiques de carcinogenèse.
But : Analyser à travers une revue de la littérature, les données récentes concernant la relation entre HP et cancer gastrique et définir les mesures préventives proposées.
Méthodes : Nous avons procédé à une revue de la littérature à travers l’interrogation de la base de données MEDLINE en utilisant une requête documentaire combinant par l’opérateur booléen (AND) les mots clés (MeSH) suivants : « Helicobacter pylori » et « Stomach Neoplasms ».
Résultats : L’infection par HP, la spécificité génétique et le régime alimentaire de l’hôte sont les principaux facteurs impliqués dans le cancer gastrique. La preuve de l’efficacité de l’éradication de l’HP à prévenir la survenue du cancer gastrique n’a pas été apportée chez l’homme, faute d’études réalisées sur de vastes populations. En revanche éradiquer HP chez les apparentés au premier degré d’un sujet atteint de cancer gastrique et chez tout sujet ayant une gastrite atrophiante et un autre cancer digestif paraît une mesure préventive justifiée.
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Références
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