Déterminants de la qualité de vie des patients atteints de cancer du sein en Afrique : une revue systématique
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v103i6.5515Mots-clés :
Cancer du sein, qualité de vie, déterminants, HRQoL, Afrique, revue systématiqueRésumé
Objectif: Détecter et décrire les déterminants influençant la qualité de vie des patientes atteintes du cancer du sein en Afrique.
Méthodes: En appliquant la méthodologie PRISMA, nous avons recherché dans les bases de données PubMed, Scopus et Web of Science depuis leur création jusqu'à janvier 2024 en utilisant les termes de recherche suivants : cancer du sein, qualité de vie et Afrique. Les études incluses visaient à déterminer les variables influençant la qualité de vie des femmes africaines atteintes de cancer du sein. La rigueur méthodologique de chaque publication a été évaluée à l'aide de l'échelle de Newcastle-Ottawa, ajustée pour les conceptions d'études de cohorte et transversales.
Résultats: 22 études ont été incluses dans cette revue systématique, dont 15 (68 %) étaient des études transversales et 7 (32 %) des études prospectives. Ces études ont examiné plus de 34 déterminants différents influençant la qualité de vie des patientes atteintes du cancer du sein en Afrique. Les comorbidités, la chimiothérapie, l'anxiété et la dépression ont généralement été associées à une qualité de vie initialement plus faible, bien qu'une amélioration ait souvent été observée au fil du temps. Les résultats de recherche variaient quant à l'influence de l'âge, de l'état matrimonial, des revenus et des types de traitement sur les résultats de la qualité de vie des patientes atteintes du cancer du sein en Afrique.
Conclusion: Les patientes atteintes du cancer du sein connaissent souvent une qualité de vie basse, particulièrement si elles reçoivent une chimiothérapie et ont d'autres problèmes de santé. Cela souligne l'importance d'offrir aux patientes des thérapies supplémentaires visant à améliorer leur qualité de vie globale, ainsi qu'un soutien psychologique et social complet.
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