Comparaison entre les vagues Alpha et Delta de la COVID-19 en Tunisie
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v103i4.5199Mots-clés :
Infection à COVID-19, Variants COVID, VaguesRésumé
Introduction : Plusieurs nations ont observé différentes vagues de COVID-19 durant l’année 2020. L’objectif de l’étude était de comparer le profil épidémiologique, clinique et évolutif de l’infection COVID-19 entre les deux vagues.
Méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude transversale analytique. Elle a inclus tous les citoyens tunisiens qui ont été infectés par COVID-19 une fois et qui ont accepté de participer. L’infection a été confirmée par un test antigénique et/ou RT-PCR, entre Avril 2020 et Décembre 2021. Deux groupes ont été identifiés: G1 correspondant à la vague du variant alpha (d'octobre 2020 à juin 2021) et G2 correspondant à la pandémie du variant delta (de juillet 2021 à décembre 2021). La collecte de données était réalisée via Google Forms et partagé via les groupes Facebook et les chaines télévisées et radio.
Résultats : Au total, 1328 patients atteints de la COVID-19 ont été inclus. L'âge médian était de 37 ans (intervalle interquartile (IQR): 30-41 ans). Les symptômes les plus fréquents durant la vague Delta étaient : la fièvre (57,8% contre 51,9%, p= 0,042), la perte de l'odorat (75,1% contre 65,1%, pEn revanche, les douleurs étaient plus fréquentes durant la vague Alpha (65,2% contre 56,2%, p≤10-3). Concernant la vaccination contre la COVID-19, le groupe Alpha avait une fréquence significativement plus élevée que le groupe Delta (34,4% contre19,6%; p≤10-3).
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