L’effet d’un programme d’éducation thérapeutique sur la qualité de vie des patients diabétiques de type 2 Nord-Africains : un essai contrôlé randomisé
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v102i1.4689Mots-clés :
Autosoins, Diabète sucré, Gestion de soi, Mode de vie sain, Promotion de la santé, Satisfaction personnelleRésumé
Introduction: Le diabète de type 2 (DT2) est une maladie chronique ayant un impact majeur sur la santé en général et la qualité de vie (QDV) en particulier.
Objectif : Évaluer l'effet d'un programme d'éducation thérapeutique sur la QDV des patients ayant un DT2.
Méthodes. Entre mai 2021 et juillet 2022, 320 patients ont été recrutés dans un essai contrôlé randomisé à Sfax, Tunisie. Le groupe expérimental a suivi le programme d'éducation thérapeutique, tandis que le groupe témoin n'a reçu que les soins standards. Pour la collecte des données, la version arabe du questionnaire Diabetes Quality of Life (DQoL-Arabic) a été utilisée.
Résultats. Au total, 263 patients ont terminé l'intervention, 132 dans le groupe expérimental et 131 dans le groupe témoin. En termes de principales caractéristiques de base, les deux groupes étaient comparables. Après l'intervention, il y avait une différence significative dans tous les scores (médiane [interquartile]) des domaines de la QDV entre le groupe expérimental et le groupe témoin: satisfaction (3,14 [2,64 - 3,36] contre 3,57 [3,43-3,71], p<0,001, respectivement), impact (2,09 [1,91-2,36] contre 2,45 [2,27-2,64], p<0,001, respectivement) et inquiétudes (2,50 [2,25-2,75] contre 3,00 [2,75-3,14], p<0,001, respectivement). La QDV s’améliore avec le temps dans le groupe expérimental (3,01 [2,79-3,17] contre 2,59 [2,21-2,80], p<0,001, respectivement) et reste comparable dans le groupe témoin (2,99 [2,81-3,14] contre 3,01 [2,81-3,15], p=0,724, respectivement).
Conclusion. Les avantages de la mise en œuvre d'un programme d'éducation sur le diabète sucré sont observés dans tous les domaines de la QDV.
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