Syndrome métabolique et activité physique mesurée par podomètre chez l'adolescent
Mots-clés :
Obésité - adolescent - syndrome métabolique, activité physique, podomètreRésumé
Introduction : L’objectif de cette étude était d’estimer la fréquence du syndrome métabolique et d'étudier l'association entre la mesure de l'activité
physique par podomètre et les différents composants de ce syndrome dans une population d'adolescents en surpoids et obèses à Sfax Ville.
Méthodes : Cette étude a concerné 51 adolescents en surpoids et obèses (28 filles et 23 garçons), âgés de 15 à 18 ans, recrutés par l'unité de
recherche obésité-syndrome métabolique, service d’endocrinologie CHU Hédi Chaker, Sfax, entre décembre 2012 et octobre 2013. Le syndrome
métabolique est défini selon les critères établis par l'International Diabetes Federation. L'activité physique a été mesurée avec podomètre (Digi-
Walker SW-200; Yamax Co, Tokyo, Japon)
Résultats : La fréquence du syndrome métabolique était estimée à 21,6%. Il était significativement plus fréquent (p=0.04) chez les adolescents
obèses (25%) que chez ceux ayant un surpoids (15,8%). L’hypoHDL cholestérolémie était le composant du syndrome métabolique le plus
fréquemment associé à l’obésité abdominale ; elle est retrouvée chez 58,8% des jeunes. La moyenne des pas /jour mesurée par podomètre était
significativement plus élevée chez les sujets sans syndrome métabolique qu'avec (9648,25±2297,726 vs 7365,91±1505,65; p=0,03). Le nombre
de pas quotidiens mesuré par podomètre était inversement corrélé au tour de taille (p<0,05), pression artérielle (p<0,05) et aux triglycérides
(p<0,05).
Conclusion : La prévalence du syndrome métabolique est élevée chez les adolescents obèses de la région de Sfax. Un mode de vie
physiquement plus actif semble être associé à une plus faible probabilité de syndrome métabolique.
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