Comorbidité psychiatrique aux troubles dépressifs de l’adolescent : A propos de 77 cas
Mots-clés :
adolescent- comorbidité - troubles dépressifsRésumé
Prérequis : Les études portant sur la comorbidité aux troubles dépressifs à l’adolescence sont nombreuses. Ces études montrent que la sémiologie dépressive est rarement isolée à l’adolescence. Des manifestations associées dominent volontiers le tableau clinique, pouvant contribuer à la méconnaissance durable de la dépression à cet âge.But : Etudier la prévalence de la comorbidité psychiatrique aux différents troubles dépressifs à l’adolescence d’une part et la relation entre les différents types de troubles comorbides et les types de troubles dépressifs d’autre part.
Méthodes : Etude rétrospective, descriptive et analytique portant sur 77 adolescents atteints de troubles dépressifs selon les critères du DSM IV TR et recrutés durant une période de 9 ans, s’étalant du premier Janvier 1998 au 31 Décembre 2006.
Résultats: La comorbidité psychiatrique a été notée dans 49,3% des cas. Elle était à type de troubles anxieux dans 23,37% des cas, de troubles du « comportement perturbateur » dans 13% des cas, de troubles de la personnalité dans 13% des cas, d’abus de substances dans 3,9% des cas et de troubles du comportement alimentaire dans 2,6% des cas. La double dépression a été notée dans 10,4% des cas.
Conclusion : Les résultats de la présente étude soulèvent la fréquence élevée des troubles psychiatriques associés aux troubles dépressifs à l’adolescence. Ces troubles comorbides sont importants à déceler pour une meilleure compréhension étiologique et évolutive d’une part et pour adapter les mesures de prise en charge du trouble dépressif à l’adolescence d’autre part.
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